Absence of menstrual periods.
Primary amenorrhea is defined as the absence of menstruation at
puberty: the menstrual cycle never starts.
Secondary amenorrhea is defined as a condition whereby a woman's
menstrual period stops due to an underlying medical cause
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Absence of ovulation
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A menstrual cycle in which ovulation does not occur
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Another word for menses or menstruation
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Fluid secreted by the cervix. Its main role is to assist sperm in living for several days and to help transport sperm to the fallopian tubes.
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Opening into the uterus
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Hair-like projections inside the fallopian tubes that move the egg up the tubes into the uterus.
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A yellow mass of cells that forms from the follicle that releases the egg at ovulation. The corpus luteum produces the hormone progesterone that is important for preparing the endometrium for implantation of the fertilized egg.
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Delivery of a baby by surgical incision through the abdominal wall and uterus. It is believed that Julius Caesar was born this way.
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Pain during menstruation that occurs in the lower abdomen just before or during
menstruation; menstrual cramps.
Primary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain occurring because of one's
menstrual period and not as a result of a disease. It results from the
production of prostaglandins, which are made by cells in the inner lining of the
uterus. Prostaglandins make the uterine muscles contract to help the uterus shed
the endometrial lining that has built up during the menstrual cycle.
Secondary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain that is the result of an
underlying medical condition or disease of the uterus, fallopian tubes or
ovaries. The pain appears similar to menstrual cramps, but often last longer
than the menstrual period, or may occur at other times of the month when one is
not menstruating
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A condition whereby endometrial tissue that should normally grow inside the
uterus instead abnormally grows outside the uterus, in the abdominal cavity and
often on other reproductive organs such as on the ovaries, fallopian tubes.
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Mucous membrane tissue lining of the uterus. The endometrial lining grows
thicker during the month and is shed monthly during the menstrual period if
pregnancy does not occur.
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Female hormone produced by the ovaries that promote the growth and maintenance
of the female reproductive system.
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The fallopian tube transports the egg from the ovary to the uterus. There are
two fallopian tubes, one connecting to the right ovary, the other to the left
ovary. Generally, fertilization (joining of female egg with male sperm) takes
place within the Fallopian tubes.
Named after Gabriele Falloppio, a 16th-century Italian anatomist, who was the
first person to accurately describe these uterine tubes.
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An egg sac in the ovary inside which an ovum (egg) will mature.
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The hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates the growth of eggs
in the ovaries.
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The first phase of the menstrual cycle. During this phase, a follicle containing
an egg develops in the ovary.
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The third phase of the menstrual cycle. Ovulation has occurred, and the corpus
luteum produces progesterone primarily to maintain the thickness of the
endometrium lining in the uterus in the event that fertilization has occurred.
If fertilization has not occurred, progesterone production stops and the
endometrium lining is shed during menstruation.
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Hormone released by the pituitary gland in the brain that triggers the onset of
ovulation and prepares the uterus for implantation of a fertilized egg.
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A girl's first menstrual period
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The time in a women's life when menstruation permanently stops. Sometimes
referred to as the "change of life". Occurs due to the decrease in production of
estrogen and progesterone by the ovaries.
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Menstrual periods that are abnormally heavy in flow, or that are prolonged and
last much longer than usual
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Another word for menstruation; the menstrual flow. Derives from the Latin word
menses, which means months (singular mensis refers to 1 month).
Note that the word moon, as in the earth's moon which resolves around the
earth in approximately 29.5 days, likewise derives from the Latin word mensis
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Adjective; Of or relating to menstruation
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A recurring cycle that occurs monthly in women as the endometrium (lining of the
uterus) thickens and prepares for pregnancy. If the egg released by one of the
ovaries at ovulation (which occurs about midway through the cycle) is fertilized
as it travels from the fallopian tube to the uterus, pregnancy occurs. If the
egg is not fertilized, menstruation occurs: the blood-rich endometrium is shed,
and the next month's cycle begins again.
The first day of menstrual blood flow is considered day 1 of the menstrual
cycle.
The menstrual cycle is comprised of three phases: the follicular
phase, ovulation, and the luteal phase.
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This is the number of days from the first day of one menstrual period to the day
before the first day of the next menstrual cycle.
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The monthly shedding of the endometrium. Menstruation is the part of a woman's
menstrual cycle where the endometrium (lining of the uterus) is shed, resulting
in discharge of blood. Menstruation occurs each month if the egg released at
ovulation is not fertilized. It occurs from menarche during puberty until
menopause.
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Uterine bleeding that occurs between regular menstrual periods, which usually
indicates an underlying medical condition
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Pain occurring during ovulation on one side of the lower abdomen. The location
(left or right side) is based on which ovary produces the ovum that month.
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Menstrual periods with abnormally light flow
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Very irregular ovulatory cycles
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Female reproductive organ located in the pelvis. There are two ovaries, one of
the right side of the uterus, the other on the left side. Produces eggs (ova)
and the female hormones.
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Another word for Fallopian tube.
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Release of a mature egg from one of the two ovaries. Occurs approximately midway
between the menstrual cycle. The egg is released into the Fallopian tube, where
it is available for fertilization.
Ovulation is the second phase of the menstrual cycle, with Follicular being
phase one, and Luteal being phase three
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Female reproductive cell, the ovum (also known as the egg) is produced by the
ovaries. Ova is plural for ovum
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Transitional period of several years before menopause. Hormone level
fluctuations (gradual decrease in estrogen) can result in irregular menstrual
cycles, hot flashes, night sweats, and other symptoms.
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An occurrence of menstruation
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A combination of physical and mood related symptoms that occur after ovulation
and usually terminate at the start of the menstrual period or shortly
thereafter. Many symptoms have been attributed to PMS, including mood changes,
bloating, acne, fatigue, anxiety and irritability, breast swelling and
tenderness.
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Menstrual periods that are abnormally frequent
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Female hormone produced by the corpus luteum; responsible for preparing and
maintaining the uterus for pregnancy.
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Light bleeding that occurs at a time during the month other than the menstrual
period.
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The uterus is a hollow, pear-shaped muscular organ. It is normally where the
fertilized ovum (egg) is implanted, and where the fetus develops
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Another word for uterus
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